As the United States expands restrictions on China’s access to advanced AI technologies, export controls are reaching beyond semiconductors to cloud computing, manufacturing equipment, and potentially AI models themselves. Washington CORE spoke with Angela Luna, Technology & Innovation Policy Analyst at the American Action Forum, to examine the effectiveness and trade-offs of this evolving strategy and why maintaining U.S. technological leadership will ultimately require not only targeted restrictions, but sustained investment in computing, talent, research, infrastructure, and domestic innovation.